The pancreas is a vital gland located in the upper abdomen, behind the stomach. It plays a crucial role in digestion by producing enzymes and regulating blood sugar through hormone production.
What Is Pancreatic Cancer?
Pancreatic cancer occurs when abnormal cells in the pancreas begin to grow uncontrollably. It is the tenth most common cancer in the UK and is often diagnosed at a late stage due to the absence of early symptoms.
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Unfortunately, early signs are rare, and symptoms typically appear only once the disease has advanced. Even then, they can be subtle and easily mistaken for other conditions.
The symptoms can vary depending on which part of the pancreas—head, body, or tail—is affected. The most common type of pancreatic cancer is ductal adenocarcinoma, which originates in the cells responsible for producing digestive enzymes.
Common Symptoms of Pancreatic Cancer (as described by Cancer Research UK):
Stomach or Back Pain
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Persistent or unexplained abdominal pain that radiates to the back, especially after meals, can be an early warning sign. Initially, this pain may come and go, but as the tumor grows, it often becomes more consistent.
Jaundice
A yellowing of the skin and eyes occurs when the tumor blocks the bile duct, causing a buildup of bilirubin. Jaundice is a common sign in many cases.
Unexplained Weight Loss
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Losing weight without changes in diet or lifestyle can be a general symptom of cancer, including pancreatic cancer.
Digestive Issues
Loose, greasy, or foul-smelling stools may result from the pancreas not producing enough enzymes, affecting digestion.
Bowel Changes
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When the pancreatic duct is obstructed, it can lead to steatorrhoea—fatty stools—along with diarrhea or constipation. These changes indicate poor nutrient absorption.
New-Onset Diabetes
In some people, pancreatic cancer interferes with insulin production, leading to diabetes even if they’ve never had it before.
Fatigue
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A persistent lack of energy or ongoing tiredness is commonly reported in cancer patients.
Blood Clots
Individuals with pancreatic cancer may develop deep vein thrombosis (DVT), where clots form in the legs or other parts of the body.
Fever and Shivering
Inflammation or bile duct obstruction may lead to occasional fever and chills.
Itchy Skin
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Jaundice can also cause itching, due to bile salts accumulating in the bloodstream.
What Increases the Risk?
While the exact cause of pancreatic cancer remains unclear, several factors may increase the risk, including:
- Smoking
- Obesity
- Age (risk increases with age)
- Family history or inherited genetic mutations
Final Note
This article is for informational purposes only. If you’re experiencing any of these symptoms or are concerned about your health, consult a medical professional for personalized advice.
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